Brakish Water Fishes
1. Notopterus
Classification
Series.....Pisces
Class......... Teleostomi
Order ........Clupeiformes
Family .....Notopteridae
Genus.......Notopterus
Species........chitala
General characters
1) N. chitala is commonly known as Chital.
2) Compressed body, measures upto a meter in length.
3) Body covered with minute scales.
4) The colour is coppery brown or greyish along the back with 15 or 16 silvery transverse bars.
5) Head is small and mouth is large.
6) Snout is obtuse and convex.
7) Dorsal fin is small. Pectoral and pelvic fins are very small.
8) Anal fin is much elongated and confluent with a caudal fin.
9) The air-bladder is very large with several divisions.
10) It is commercially important as food fish, its flesh is said to be uncommonly rich and well flavoured.
Distribution
Fresh and brackish waters of West Africa, India, Malaya, Burma etc.
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2. Hilsa ilisha
Classification
Series......Pisces
Class.....….Teleostomi
Order.........Cypriniformes
Genus.......Hilsa
Species......ilisha
General characters
1) Body is laterally compressed and covered by silvery scales.
2) Caudal fin deeply forked and partly covered by scales.
3) Belly posses saw-like edge.
4) This fish is used as food because it forms the delicious food for those who eat fish.
5) It attains a length of 30 cm in case of males and 35 cm in case of the females.
6) Maturity is attained at the age of one or more than one and half years.
7) Feeding habit: This fish larvae feed on zooplankton and diatoms, adult strictly plankton feeders.
Distribution
This fish shows the migratory characters the Marine and estrain talk show the migratory movements. The migration is Anadramous type.
Hilsa ilisha is widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific region. It is found in marine waters (Off shore and fore shore) brakish waters (esturine and lakes) and freshwaters (middle and lower stretches of the river).
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3. Channos channos
Classification
Series....... Pisces
Order .. Gonorhynchiformes
Family......Chanidae
Genus......chanos
Species......Chanos
General characters
1) Body moderately elongated and compressed.
2) Abdomen rounded and smooth.
3) Head conically pointed.
4) Mouth is small and terminal.
5) Eyes large and superior.
6) An accessory branchial organ present in a recess behind the true gill cavity.
7) Lateral line straight.
Distribution
Indian and pacific oceans, entering rivers and esturies upto tidal influence.
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4. Polynemus paradiseus
Classification
Series.......Pisces
Class......Teleostomi
Order........ Polynemiformes
Family........Polynemidae
Genus......... Polynemus
Species......paradiseus
General characters
1) Branchiostegals are seven.
2) Somewhat compressed oblong body.
3) Eyes are large, lateral and more or less covered by adipose lids.
4) Mouth ventral to a prominant snout and having a lateral cleft.
5) Villiform teeth on jaws, palatines sometimes vomer.
6) Two short distinctly separated dorsal fins, first dorsal with 7-8 spines and second with 11 to 15 rays.
7) Several mobile articulated tactile filaments below the pectoral fins.
9) Scales ctenoid or cycloid on head and body.
10) Lateral line continued on to the caudal fin.
Distribution
Found in esturine waters of West Bengal and Orrisa.
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